According to new research, children inherit their intelligence from their mother not their father. Genes for cleverness are carried on the X chromosome and may be deactivated if they come from the father. A mother’s genetics determines how clever her children are, and the father makes no difference.
A category of genes known as “conditioned genes” are thought to work only if they come from the mother in some cases and the father in other cases. Intelligence is believed to be among the conditioned genes that have to come from the mother. Laboratory studies using genetically modified mice found that those with an extra dose of maternal genes developed bigger heads and brains, but had little bodies. Those with an extra dose of paternal genes had small brains and larger bodies.
Researchers identified cells that contained only maternal or paternal genes in six different parts of the mouse brains which controlled different cognitive functions, from eating habits to memory. Cells with paternal genes accumulated in parts of the limbic system, which is involved in functions such as sex, food and aggression. But researchers did not find any paternal cells in the cerebral cortex, which is where the most advanced cognitive functions take place, such as reasoning, thought, language and planning. (The Independent)
If this is true and is confirmed by further research into actual people (rather than mice), then the lesson to be taken away is clear: men should procreate only with more-intelligent-than-usual women. This is a challenge because presumably intelligence is distributed in the female gender in something approaching a bell curve. The number of highly intelligent women is, of course, limited, and they may not be good-looking or have other attractive traits either. An Epicurean approach to this dilemma is to seek a loving, caring partner with whom you can have a mutually rewarding relationship – and, with a sigh – put up with the stupid children.
In reality it couldn’t be this simple. How, for instance, do these findings square with the differences in inteligence between offspring of the same parents? With four children you can get four different levels – and types – of intelligence.
From Jane Dean, psychologist:
“This research has indeed been extrapolated to humans from the mice studies. The academic and social progress of 12,ooo young people were followed for some years. It was found that the IQs of their mothers were the best predictor of the individuals IQs. However, intelligence was found to account for only 40% to 60% of their intelligence. The rest being environment.
I agree with your opinion that this research is somewhat simplistic. IQ tests have been criticised in the past for being culturally dependent. Now, however they have evolved to test general intelligence in a far more rigorous way. You suggest that each child in a family has been observed to have very different levels of intelligence. I suggest that this is because the environment of each child is far more varied than is apparent. Even monozygotic twins have differences. The environment for a child starts before they are born, with differences in nutrition. And the various differences continue throughout childhood. Different bonding, attention, health, personality, gender, expectations school experience…etc.
That the theory that general intelligence comes from the maternal genes, can however stand unless further research shows otherwise.”